*FM 23-14
HEADQUARTERS
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
Washington, DC, 26 January 1994

FM 23-14

M249 LIGHT MACHINE GUN IN THE AUTOMATIC RIFLE ROLE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  1. PREFACE

  2. CHAPTER 1 DESCRIPTION AND COMPONENTS
    1. 1-1. DESCRIPTION
    2. 1-2. COMPONENTS
    3. 1-3. AMMUNITION
    4. 1-4. BLANK FIRING ATTACHMENT

  3. CHAPTER 2 MAINTENANCE
    1. 2-1. CLEARING PROCEDURES
    2. 2-2. GENERAL DISASSEMBLY
    3. 2-3. INSPECTION
    4. 2-4. CLEANING, LUBRICATION, AND PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
    5. 2-5. GENERAL ASSEMBLY
    6. 2-6. FUNCTION CHECK
    7. 2-7. MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
    8. 2-8. MAINTENANCE DURING NBC CONDITIONS

  4. CHAPTER 3 OPERATION AND FUNCTION
    1. 3-1. OPERATION
    2. 3-2. LOADING
    3. 3-3. UNLOADING
    4. 3-4. CYCLE OF FUNCTIONING
    5. 3-5. SIGHT SETTINGS AND CORRECTIONS
    6. 3-6. BIPOD POSITIONING

  5. CHAPTER 4 PROBLEMS AND DESTRUCTION
    1. 4-1. MALFUNCTIONS
    2. 4-2. STOPPAGES
    3. 4-3. IMMEDIATE ACTION
    4. 4-4. REMEDIAL ACTION
    5. 4-5. DESTRUCTION PROCEDURES

  6. CHAPTER 5 MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING

    Section I. INTRODUCTION TO MARKSMANSHIP

    1. 5-1. OBJECTIVES
    2. 5-2. TRAINING PHASES
    3. 5-3. TRAINING STRATEGY
    4. 5-4. TRAINING FOR COMBAT CONDITIONS

    Section II. PRELIMINARY MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING

    1. 5-5. FUNDAMENTALS, MARKSMANSHIP
    2. 5-6. FUNDAMENTALS, FIRING POSITIONS
    3. 5-7. FUNDAMENTALS, NIGHT FIRING
    4. 5-8. FUNDAMENTALS: NUCLEAR, BIOLOGICAL, AND CHEMICAL
    5. 5-9. FUNDAMENTALS, MOVING TARGETS
    6. 5-10. FUNDAMENTALS, TRAVERSE AND SEARCH
    7. 5-11. DIRECT LAY
    8. 5-12. APPLICATION OF FIRE
    9. 5-13. ADJUSTMENT OF FIRE
    10. 5-14. EFFECTS OF WIND
    11. 5-15. FIRE COMMANDS
    12. 5-16. DRY-FIRE EXERCISES
    13. 5-17. MULTIPURPOSE MACHINE GUN RANGE LAYOUT
    14. 5-18. BASIC MACHINE GUN TARGET
    15. 5-19. TARGET ANALYSIS
    16. 5-20. 10-METER SCORING PROCEDURES

    Section III. BASIC MARKSMANSHIP, LIVE-FIRE EXERCISES

    1. 5-21. ZEROING
    2. 5-22. FIELD ZEROING
    3. 5-23. 10-METER FIRING
    4. 5-24. 10-METER CONDUCT OF FIRE
    5. 5-25. 10-METER FIRING, QUALIFICATION
    6. 5-26. TRANSITION FIRING
    7. 5-27. TRANSITION CONDUCT OF FIRE
    8. 5-28. TRANSITION FIRING, LIMITED VISIBILITY
    9. 5-29. ZEROING THE AN/PVS-4
    10. 5-30. QUALIFICATION STANDARDS

  7. CHAPTER 6 COMBAT TECHNIQUES OF FIRE

    Section I. INTRODUCTION

    1. 6-1. CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRE
    2. 6-2. CLASSES OF FIRE

    Section II. APPLICATION OF FIRE

    1. 6-3. TYPES OF TARGETS
    2. 6-4. DISTRIBUTION, CONCENTRATION, AND RATE OF FIRE
    3. 6-5. TARGET ENGAGEMENT
    4. 6-6. TARGET ENGAGEMENT DURING LIMITED VISIBILITY

    Section III. PREDETERMINED FIRES

    1. 6-7. TERMINOLOGY
    2. 6-8. RANGE CARD

    Section IV. FIRE CONTROL

    1. 6-9. METHODS OF FIRE CONTROL
    2. 6-10. FIRE COMMANDS

    Section V. RANGE DETERMINATION

    1. 6-11. RANGE ESTIMATION
    2. 6-12. LATERAL DISTANCE MEASUREMENT

    Section VI. ADVANCED AUTOMATIC RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP

    1. 6-13. FIELD FIRING EXERCISE
    2. 6-14. ALTERNATE FIRING POSITIONS
    3. 6-15. MOVEMENT, SPEED, AND ALIGNMENT
    4. 6-16. RELOADING
    5. 6-17. ALTERNATE FIRING POSITION EXERCISES

  8. CHAPTER 7 TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM

    Section I. ORGANIZATION

    1. 7-1. OBJECTIVES
    2. 7-2. MISSION-ESSENTIAL TASK LIST
    3. 7-3. TRAINER ASSESSMENT
    4. 7-4. CADRE COACHES
    5. 7-5. COMMAND BENEFITS
    6. 7-6. PROGRAM PHASES

    Section II. TRAINING TASKS
    1. 7-7. PHASE I, PRELIMINARY MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING
    2. 7-8. PHASE II, BASIC MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING
    3. 7-9. PHASE III, ADVANCED MARKSMANSHIP TRAINING

    Section III. TRAINER CERTIFICATION PROGRAM

    1. 7-10. TRAINING BASE
    2. 7-11. CERTIFICATION PROGRAM OUTLINE

  9. APPENDIX A UNIT TRAINING PROGRAM

  10. APPENDIX B PROFICIENCY (PERFORMANCE) EXAMINATION

  11. APPENDIX C M249 AUTOMATIC RIFLE IN AIR DEFENSE

  12. APPENDIX D RANGE SAFETY

  13. APPENDIX E EMPLOYMENT

  14. GLOSSARY

  15. REFERENCES

  16. AUTHORIZATION LETTER